What is the relationship between supply, demand, and market equilibrium?

The correct choice highlights that market equilibrium occurs when the quantity of goods supplied equals the quantity of goods demanded. This balance is crucial in determining the market price for products. When supply matches demand, it indicates that producers are selling the exact amount of goods that consumers are willing to purchase at a specific price, leading to a stable market condition without excess inventory or shortages.

Understanding this concept is important, as any shifts in supply or demand can disrupt this equilibrium, leading to changes in prices. For instance, if demand increases while supply remains constant, prices tend to rise until a new equilibrium is established. Conversely, if supply increases and demand remains unchanged, prices may drop. Thus, market equilibrium is a dynamic state that constantly adjusts in response to changes in external factors affecting supply and demand.